第二十一课 词干-flat-(吹)
同族词
A
[de-减弱+flat吹----将吹气放大的东西放气缩小]缩小;瘪掉;泄气;紧缩
deflatable a可放气的;可紧缩的
deflate vt(抽掉,排去空气等)使缩小;使瘪掉;降低……的地位;使泄气;vi缩小
deflation n放气;缩小;弄瘪;紧缩通货
deflationary a紧缩通货的
deflationist n主张紧缩通货者
B
[flat-吹]浮夸;吹捧;奉承;胀气;空虚
flatter vt献媚;阿谀;奉承;使高兴;(画,肖像等上的形象)胜过(真人或哦实物)
flatterer n阿谀奉承者;拍马P的人
flattering a献媚的;讨好的;奉承的;讨人喜欢的
flattery n奉承;捧场;恭维的话
flatulence n肠胃胀气;空虚;浮夸
flatulency n肠胃胀气;空虚;自负
flatulent a肠胃胀气的;空虚的;浮夸的;自负的
flatulently adv浮夸地;自负地
flatus n肠胃内的气体;肠胃胀气;气息;一阵风
C
[in-加强+flat-吹----将气吹得更大]充气;膨胀;夸张;通货膨胀;自满(自我膨胀);言过其实(掺了假话
)
inflate vt使充气;使膨胀;使胀大;使得意;使骄傲;使(通货)膨胀;vi膨胀
inflation n通货膨胀
inflationary a通货膨胀的
D
[re-再+flat吹----使瘪掉的东西在膨胀起来]
reflate vi(通货紧缩后)又造成通货膨胀;vt使(通货)再膨胀
reflation n通货再膨胀
E
[self-自己+flat-吹----吹捧自己]
self-flattering a自我吹嘘
self-flattery n自我吹嘘
F
[suf-(sub-的变体)进一步+flat吹----将气进一步吹胀]充气;夸张;膨胀;吹嘘
sufflate vt使充电;使膨胀;vt膨胀
sufflation n充气;膨胀;夸张;自满
exsufflate vt吹出,吹走
exsufflation n吹出;吹走
insufflate vt吹入;吹上;喷注;把(粉剂,雾气等)吹入人体
insufflation n吹入;吹上;吹入剂;吹入法
insufflator n吹入器
G
[un-否定+flat吹----不吹捧]耿直
unflattering a不奉承的;不恭维的;指出缺点;耿直;坦率
例句
1. I deflated the balloon.
2. I feel greatly flattered by your invitation.
3. He is much exposed to flattery.
4. The picture certainly does not flatter you.
5. They inflated him with pride.
第二十二课 词干-frag-, -fract-, frang-,(-fring-)(折)
同族词
A
[an-加强+fract折----迂回曲折]弯曲,曲折;错综复杂
anfractuosity n曲折;错综;弯曲的道路(或河流)
anfractuos a弯曲的;迂回的;错综的
B
[dif-(dis-的变体)分开+fract,frang折----拆而分开----转折]衍射,绕射
diffract vi使衍射;使绕射
(其他词类同)
C
[ef-(ex-的变体)向外+fract-折(断)----向外折断]破裂(外表裂开);窃贼(破墙偷盗)
effraction n用力打开
effractor n窃贼
D
[fract-,frag-,frang-折----折断----断开]断片;碎片;分数)整数的几分之几),分馏;脆弱
fraction n小部分;片段;碎片;一点儿;分数;(分)馏;级分
fractional a部分的;碎片的;分数的;分馏的;分级的
fractionalize vt把……分成几部分
fractionary a部分的;分数的;分馏的
fractionate vt使分馏;把……分成几部分
fractionation n部分;分馏;分数
fractionator n分馏器
fractionization n分数化;部分化
fractionize vt/vi(把……)分成几部分
fractographic a金属断面的显微镜观察的
fractography n金属断面的显微镜观察
fracture n破裂;断裂;折断;裂缝;裂面;裂痕;骨折;断口;vi/vt使破裂;使断裂
fragile a脆的;易碎的;脆弱的;虚弱的;体质弱的
fragility n脆弱;脆性;易碎性
fragment n碎片;破片;碎块;断片
fragmental a不完全的;碎片的;琐碎的
fragmentary a碎片的;碎块的;断片的;不完全的;不连续的;琐碎的
fragmentate vt/vi使裂成碎片
fragmentation n裂成碎片;分裂;破裂;(染色体)断裂
fragmentize vi/vt使裂成碎片;使分裂
frangibility n易碎性;脆性;脆弱性
frangible a易碎的;脆的;脆弱的
E
[in-加强;否定+fract-, fring, frang 折----破坏(加强折断);不可破坏;违犯;侵犯;不可破坏
infraction n(法规等)违犯;违背
infrangible a不可破坏的;不可分离的;不可违背的;不容侵犯的
infrangibility n不可分离性;不容侵犯性
infrangibleness n不破坏;不可分离
infrange vt违犯;侵犯;违反;vi侵犯;侵害
infrangement n违反;侵犯;违反
F
[re-离开+fract-,frang-,fring-]折射;
refract vt.使折射;测定……的折射度;对……验光
refractable a可折射的;可折射性
refractor n折射器;折射望远镜
refraction n折射作用;折射度;折射度测定
refractional a折射的;折射度的
refractive a折射的;有折射力的
refractometer n折射计
refrangible a可折射的
refrangibleness n折射性
refrangibility n可折射性;可折射度
refringence n折射
refringent a折射的
birefringence n双折射 [bi-双]
例句
1. The story does not contain a fraction of truth.
2. These are fractional numbers.
3. They are fractionalized.
4. There is a fractionating tower (精馏塔)there.
5. He fractured a rib.
6. There are many fragments of the broken was on the desk.
7. We found an infraction of the law in the city.
8. It refracts rays of light.
第二十三课 词干-ger-,-gest-(承担,带有)
同族词
A
[di-(dis-的变体)分离+gest带有----将带有的东西分离]消化;领会;摘要;侵提;
digest vt消化(实物);助消化;领会;整理;做……的摘要;忍受;侵提 vi消化
B
[con-共同+ger-,gest带有----共同带有----把共同的东西带到一起]聚集;拥塞;充血
congest vt充满;拥挤;使密集;使充血
congestion n充满;充血;拥挤
congestive a充血的;充血性的
C
[e-(ex的变体)出+gest-带有----带出----排泄]
egest vt排泄;排(粪便等)
egesta n排泄物
egestion n排泄(作用)
D
[gest-承担,带有]怀孕;动作
gestate vi/vt怀孕;孕育;酝酿
gestation 妊娠(期);怀孕;(想法,计划等)酝酿
gestational a 妊娠期的;酝酿
gestative a怀孕的;酝酿的
gestatory a怀孕的;发展的
gestic a动作的(尤其指舞蹈)
gesticular a*表情达意的)动作
gesticulate vi(讲话时的)作手势;vt用手势表达
gesticulation n做手势;表意的动作
gesticulative a做手势的
gesture n姿势;手势;(外交等方面的)姿态;vi做手势;vt用手势表达
E
[in-向内+gest带有----带入内部----向内传输]吸收;摄取
ingest vt咽下;摄取;吸收
ingesta n摄取食物
ingestible a可摄取的
ingestion n咽下;吸收;空气的吸入
F
[pro-在前+gest-带有----在带有……之前----在带有胚胎之前----在孕前]孕激素(引起子宫孕前改变的内分
泌物)
progesterone n孕酮;孕激素
progestin n孕激素
G
[sug-(sub-的变体)下一个+gest带有----带有下一个……]联想,启发;建议
suggest vt建议;提出;暗示;启发;使人联想到;使人想起
suggester n建议者;启发者
suggestibility n暗示感应性
suggestible a易受暗示影响的;可建议的
suggestibleness n可建议
suggestibly adv建议地;启发地
suggestion n建议;暗示;启发;联想
suggestive a暗示的;示意的;引起联想的
suggestively adv暗示地;启发地
suggestiveness n暗示;示意
例句
1. Cheese doesn’t digest easily.
2. My digestion is out of order.
3. These are digestive organs.
4. Buses and cars congested every street in the centre of London.
5. He is suffering from congestion of the lungs.
6. The skin egests sweat.
7. He ingested these ideas of philosophy.
8. Her expression suggested that she was angry.
第二十四课 词干-grat-(喜悦)
同族词
A
[con-共同+grat-喜悦----共同喜悦]贺词(使对方喜悦的话),奖金,报酬,免费
congratulate vt祝贺,向……致祝贺词
其他词类同
B
[grat-喜悦]愉快;满意,高兴,感激(使对方喜悦的话),奖金,报酬,免费
grateful a感激的;感谢的;令人愉快的
gratefully adv感激的;令人愉快的
gratefulness n感激,感谢;可喜
gratification n满足;喜悦;奖金;报酬
gratifier n使满足者
gratify vt使满足;使满意
gratifying a令人满足的;可喜的
gratis adv免费地;无偿地
gratitude a免费的;无缘无故的
gratuitously adv免费地
gratuitousness n免费;无缘无故
gratuity n赏金,小帐;退职金
gratulant a表示满足的;祝贺的
gratulate vt对……表示喜悦;vi表示祝贺
gratulation n满足;庆祝
gratulatory a祝贺的;庆祝的
C
[in-赋予+grat-喜悦----使……喜悦]讨好,迎合;奉承,巴结
ingratiate vt使讨好;使巴结;使迎合
ingratiating a讨好的,迎合的,奉承的
ingratiation n巴结;讨好
ingratiatory a目的在于讨好的
D
[in-否定+grat喜悦----使不喜悦]忘恩负义
ingrate n忘恩负义的人
ingratitude n忘恩负义
E
[self-自己+grat喜悦]
self-gratification n自我满足;自我喜悦
self-gratulation n自我满足;自我喜悦
F
[un-不+grat-喜悦----使不喜悦]忘恩负义,不领情;徒劳;讨厌
ungrateful a忘恩负义的;不领情的;徒劳的;讨厌的
ungratefully adv忘恩负义地;徒劳地
ungratefulness n忘恩负义;徒劳
ungratified a不满足的
例句
1. I congratulate you on a fine crop.
2. It is a matter for congratulation.
3. I am deeply grateful to you for your kindness.
4. Now she has a job in France she can gratify her wish to see Europe.
5. Please accept my deepest gratitude.
6. She knew how to ingratiate herself with all.
7. He is of ingratitude to his parents.
8. It is ungrateful of you to behave in such a way towards your benefactor.
第二十五课 词干-grav-,-gravat-(重)
同族词
A
[ag-(ad-的变体)加强+gravat-重]加重;恶化;激怒;恼火
aggravate vt加重;使恶化;激怒;使恼火
aggravating a加重;恶化
aggravatingly adv加重地;恶化地
aggravation n加重;恶化
aggravative a加重的;激怒的
aggravator n激怒者
B
[grav-重]严重,怀孕,重力,重量,冤情,庄重;抑音
gravamen n冤情;委屈,不平
gravamina n, pl冤情;委屈;不平
grave a严重的;重大的;严重的;庄重的;沉重的;阴沉的;低沉的;n抑音
gravely adv严重地;低沉地
gravid a怀孕的
gravidity n怀孕
gravidly adv怀孕地
gravidness n怀孕
gravific a使变重的
gravigrate a步履沉重的
gravimeter n重差计;比重计
gravimetric a(测定)重量的;重量分析的
gravimetrically adv在重量(测定)方面
gravimetry n重量(或密度)测定(法)
gravitate vt受重力作用;受引力作用;受引力;倾向;沉下;vt吸引
gravitater n吸引者;使下沉者
gravitation n万有引力;地心引力;倾向
gravitational a万有引力的
gravitationally adv有倾向地
gravitometer n比重计
gravity n严肃;严重性;重力;引力;重量
C
[in-使+grav重----使加重]
ingravescence n恶化
ingravescent a(病等)越来越严重的;恶化着的
D
[primi-初+grav-重----初次加重----初次怀孕]
primigravida n第一次怀孕的妇女
例句
1. His bad temper was aggravated by his headache.
2. He is not used to the aggravating circumstance.
3. This caused the aggravation of her sorrow.
4. The situation confronting the new Republic was extremely grave.
5. The sand and dirt in the water gravitated to the bottom of the bottle.
6. The gravitation of population to cities is a serious problem.
7. He balanced the long pole at the center of gravity.
8. The disease has become ingravescent because of the hot weather.
第二十六课 词干-i-, -it-(走)
同族词
A
[ad-接近+it-走----走近----走过来----走进去]进口;入口
adit n入口;进口
B
[amb-周围+i,it 走----在周围走----在一定范围内绕圈子]周围;环境;气氛;范围;志向;界限
ambience n环境;周围;气氛
ambiance n环境;周围;气氛
ambient a周围;包围着的
anbit n界限;范围;周围
ambition n志向,志气,抱负;野心;奢望;vt妄想获得
ambitious a有雄心的;野心勃勃的;热望的
ambitiously adv野心勃勃地
circumambiency n围绕;环绕
circumambient a围绕的;周围的
unambitious a无野心的,无雄心的;谦虚的
unambitiously adv无雄心地
unambitiousness n无雄心;谦虚;朴实
C
[ex-向外+it走----向外走----走出去]退场;退出;出口;太平门;去世
exit n退场;退出;出口;太平门;去世;vt退出;离去
D
[it-走,巡回]巡游;旅程;路线
itineracy n巡回;巡游
itinerant a巡回的;巡游的
ininerary n旅游;路线;行程记;a旅游的;道路的
itinerate vt巡回;巡游
itineration n巡回;巡游
E
[trans-转移+it-----走到另一处]度过;转变;变迁;跃迁;通过;运输;道路;运输线;及物
transit n通过;经过;通行;运行;运输;vt通过
transition n度过;过渡时期;转变;跃迁;变调;转移论峰
transitional a过渡的;转变的
transitive a及物的;过渡的;n及物动词
transitively adv及物地;过渡地
transitorily adv暂时的
transitoriness n暂时;瞬息
transitory a暂时的;昙花一现的
例句
1. Please exit by (from) the near (back)door.
2. Please make you exit the door at the back of the stage.
3. Billy was drunk last night and made his exit by falling under a truck.
4. Leave your itinerary so that we can reach you in case of emergency.
5. We were allowed two days for the transit of the lake.
6. The frequent transitions from cold to warm weather this spring have caused much illness.
7. Our university has a delightful ambience.
8. The ambient vapor has condensed into water.
9. It is the height of my ambition to serve my country.
10. This is an ambitious program.
11. I make out an itinerary of a proposed tour.
12. In a transitional stage we should make a transition from old conception to the new.